Author/Year of publication | State/Population | Sample size/Method/Design | Age (years) | Moderate addiction (Y-IAT 50–79) Prevalence (%) | Severe addiction (Y-IAT 80–100) Prevalence (%) | Prevalence by gender (Y-IAT≥50) |
Parvathy et al (2020)17 | Kerala/Medical students | 368/convenience/cross-sectional | 18–28 | 22.8% (84/368) | Nil | NM |
Pathak et al (2020)18 | Karnataka/Medical students | 150/convenience/cross-sectional | NM | 14.0% (21/150) | 4.0% (6/150) | Male: 23.8% (20/84) Female: 10.6% (7/66) |
Jaiswal et al (2020)19 | Rajasthan/Medical & Engineering students | 307/simple random /cross-sectional | 19.9 (mean age) | 48.2% (148/307) | 3.3% (10/307) | NM |
Aqeel et al (2020)20 | Uttar Pradesh/Medical students | 488/convenience/cross-sectional | 22.7 (mean age) | 19.7% (96/488) | 0.8% (4/488) | Male: 67.7% (160/236) Female: 55.5% (140/252) |
Srivastava et al (2020)21 | Uttar Pradesh /Science & Art students | 133/simple random/cross-sectional | 19–30 | 20.3% (27/133) | 0.7% (1/133) | NM |
Murarkar et al (2020)22 | Maharashtra/Medical & Engineering students | 303/convenience/cross-sectional | 17–20 | 17.4% (53/303) | 0.3% (1/303) | NM |
Veena et al (2019)23 | Karnataka/ Engineering students | 455/simple random/cross-sectional | 17–21 | 11.4% (52/455) | 0.7% (3/455) | Male: 50.1% (155/309) Female: 43.8% (64/146) |
Bhatt et al (2019)24 | Himachal Pradesh/ Medical Students | 320/convenience/cross-sectional | 21 (median age) | 23.4% (75/320)* | Nil | NM |
Asokan et al (2019)25 | Kerala/Medical students | 381/convenience/cross-sectional | NM | 21.7% (83/381) | 0.5% (2/381) | NM |
Ghanate et al (2019)26 | Karnataka/ Medical students | 700/simple random/cross-sectional | 20–35 | 17.4% (121/700) | 1.7% (13/700) | NM |
Padmanabha et al (2019)27 | Karnataka/ Medical students | 115/convenience/cross-sectional | 19–22 | 19.1% (22/115) | Nil | NM |
Kishore et al (2019)28 | Kolkata/Public health students | 147/convenience/cross-sectional | 20–26 | 12.2% (18/147) | 2.7% (4/147) | NM |
Kannan et al (2019)29 | Puducherry/Medical students | 201/convenience/cross-sectional | 18–25 | 17.4% (35/201)* | Nil | Male: 22.8% (29/127) Female: 8.1% (6/74) |
Anand et al (2018)30 | Karnataka/Science & Art students | 2776/convenience/cross-sectional | 18–21 | 16.4% (455/2776) | 0.5% (13/2776) | NM |
Anand et al (2018)31 | Karnataka/Engineering students | 1086/convenience/cross-sectional | 18–21 | 9.7% (105/1086) | 0.4% (4/1086) | NM |
Anand et al (2018)32 | Karnataka & Kerala/Medical students | 1763/convenience/cross-sectional | 18–21 | 10.4% (183/1763) | 0.8% (14/1763) | NM |
Sharma et al (2018)33 | Karnataka/Science & Art students | 1304/simple random/cross-sectional | 19.1 (mean age) | 15.8% (206/1304) | 0.5% (7/1304) | Male: 27.7% (163/588) Female: 7.0% (50/716) |
Singh et al (2018)34 | Punjab/Medical students | 122/convenience/cross-sectional | 19–24 | 19.7% (24/122) | Nil | NM |
Gupta et al (2018)35 | New Delhi/Science & Art students | 380/simple random/cross-sectional | 19.1 (mean age) | 25.3% (96/380)* | Nil | Male: 26.2% (62/236) Female: 23.6% (34/144) |
Damor et al (2018)36 | Gujarat/Medical students | 313/convenience/cross-sectional | NM | 17.3% (54/313) | 0.3% (1/313) | Male: 25.5% (41/161) Female: 9.2% (14/152) |
Suresh et al (2018)37 | Karnataka/Medical students | 150/convenience/cross-sectional | NM | 18.6% (28/150) | 0.6% (1/150) | NM |
Kumar et al (2018)38 | West Bengal/Science & Art students | 200/simple random/cross-sectional | 21.6 (mean age) | 31.5% (63/200) | 39.5% (79/200) | NM |
Kumar et al (2017)39 | Madhya Pradesh/Medical students | 349/convenience/cross-sectional | 21.1 (mean age) | 6.0% (21/349)* | Nil | Male: 2.2% (1/45) Female: 6.6% (20/304) |
Mutalik et al (2017)40 | Karnataka/Medical & Engineering students | 934/simple random/cross-sectional | 17–29 | 18.8% (176/934) | 0.6% (6/934) | Male: 23.2% (97/418) Female: 16.5% (85/516) |
Priya et al (2017)41 | Uttar Pradesh/Medical students | 382/convenience/cross-sectional | 16–24 | 11.78 (45/382) | 5.8% (22/382) | NM |
Subhaprada et al (2017)42 | Andhra Pradesh/Medical students | 95/simple random/cross-sectional | NM | 24.2% (23/95) | Nil | Male: 32.2% (19/59) Female: 11.1% (4/36) |
Patil et al (2017)43 | Maharashtra/Medical students | 488/convenience/cross-sectional | 18–24 | 34.8% (170/488) | 3.7% (18/488) | Male: 41.8% (115/275) Female: 34.3% (73/213) |
Gedam et al (2017)44 | Maharashtra/Medical students | 846/convenience/cross-sectional | 17–24 | 19.5% (165/846) | 0.4% (4/846) | Male: 30.1% (55/183) Female: 17.0% (113/663) |
Niranjjan et al (2017)45 | Pondicherry/Medical students | 200/simple random/cross-sectional | 20.7 (mean age) | 16.5% (33/200) | Nil | Male: 21.2% (23/108) Female: 10.8% (10/92) |
Nagori et al (2016)46 | Gujarat/Medical students | 525/convenience/cross-sectional | NM | 8.4% (44/525) | 0.9% (5/525) | Male: 13.5% (33/245) Female: 5.7% (16/280) |
Bhat et al (2016)47 | Karnataka/Science & Art Students | 1763/convenience/cross-sectional | 18–25 | 10.4% (183/1763) | 0.8% (14/1763) | NM |
Gedam et al (2016)48 | Maharashtra/Medical students | 390/simple random/cross-sectional | 19.5 (mean age) | 21% (82/390) | 2.3% (9/390) | Male: 32.4% (47/145) Female: 17.9% (44/245) |
Kshatri et al (2016)49 | Odisha/Medical students | 506/convenience/cross-sectional | 18–28 | 25.7% (130/506) | 0.6% (3/506) | Male: 30.2% (91/301) Female: 20.5% (42/205) |
Nath et al (2016)50 | Assam/Medical students | 188/convenience/cross-sectional | 18–30 | 46.3% (87/188) | 0.5% (1/188) | Male: 55.1% (63/114) Female: 33.7% (25/74) |
Chaudhari et al (2015)51 | Maharashtra/Medical students | 282/simple random/cross-sectional | 17–24 | 7.4% (21/282) | Nil | Male: 12.3% (15/122) Female: 3.8% (6/160) |
Krishnamurthy et al (2015)52 | Bengaluru/Science & Art students | 515/multistage cluster random/cross-sectional | 16–26 | 8.9% (46/515) | Nil | NM |
Bhatt et al (2015)53 | Kashmir/Science & Art students | 130/convenience/cross-sectional | NM | 28.4% (37/130) | 30.0% (39/130) | NM |
Kawa et al (2015)54 | Kashmir/Science & Art students | 100/convenience/cross-sectional | NM | 29.0% (29/100) | 4.0% (4/100) | NM |
Sulania et al (2015)55 | New Delhi/Medical students | 202/convenience/cross-sectional | 16–28 | 15.4% (31/202) | Nil | Male: 28.1% (18/64) Female: 9.4% (13/138) |
Srijampana et al (2014)56 | Andhra Pradesh/Medical students | 211/convenience/cross-sectional | 17–25 | 11.8% (25/211) | 0.4% (1/211) | Male: 11.1% (10/90) Female: 13.2% (16/121) |
Sharma et al (2014)57 | Madhya Pradesh/Medical & Engineering students | 391/simple random/cross-sectional | 15–25 | 7.4% (29/391) | 0.3% (1/391) | Male: 45.8 % (115/251) Female: 29.5% (52/176) |
Malviya et al (2014)58 | Madhya Pradesh/Medical students | 242/simple random/cross-sectional | 21–25 | 18.6% (45/242) | 9.5% (23/242) | Male: 6.1% (15/164) Female: 3.3% (8/78) |
*Y-IAT score of ≥50 indicates possible internet addiction.
NM, not mentioned; Y-IAT, Young Internet Addiction Test.