Results from Wilcoxon test analysis, subclass analysis (education and occupation) and mean scores (SD) of TAO, PRO and TAS subscales from DMI, SCL-90-R and DTS.
| Survivors, mean (SD) | Controls, mean (SD) | W | P value | Subclass analysis (education) | W | P value | Subclass analysis (occupation) | W | P value | |
| TAO** | 40.136 (10.704) | 52.378 (8.741) | 1263.5 | 3.797×10−11 | 39.740 (10.101) | 836 | 4.480×10−11 | 41.789 (10.856) | 878.5 | 1.510×10−6 |
| PRO** | 44.879 (10.368) | 49.602 (8.495) | 2259.5 | 0.001 | 45.02 (9.82) | 1693.5 | 0.001 | 45.921 (10.307) | 1407.5 | 0.021 |
| TAS** | 42.727 (12.146) | 50.388 (12.127) | 2345.5 | 0.003 | 43.82 (11.346) | 1888.5 | 0.005 | 43.421 (11.633) | 1396 | 0.008 |
| Somatisation | 0.572 (0.521) | 0.701 (0.532) | 2682.5 | 0.064 | 0.578 (0.549) | 2018.5 | 0.198 | 0.548 (0.575) | 1429 | 0.162 |
| Obsessive-compulsive* | 0.838 (0.629) | 1.041 (0.631) | 2529.5 | 0.018 | 0.85 (0.703) | 1912.5 | 0.110 | 0.866 (0.762) | 1453 | 0.213 |
| Interpersonal sensitivity* | 0.648 (0.547) | 0.915 (0.679) | 2482.5 | 0.012 | 0.662 (0.574) | 1895 | 0.019 | 0.661 (0.609) | 1412.5 | 0.038 |
| Depression* | 0.671 (0.538) | 0.876 (0.644) | 2584.5 | 0.029 | 0.668 (0.571) | 1914.5 | 0.047 | 0.743 (0.658) | 1565.5 | 0.291 |
| Anxiety** | 0.600 (0.491) | 0.871 (0.654) | 2445.5 | 0.008 | 0.58 (0.519) | 1772.5 | 0.004 | 0.603 (0.615) | 1308 | 0.028 |
| Hostility** | 0.490 (0.508) | 0.704 (0.542) | 2363.5 | 0.003 | 0.483 (0.536) | 1734.5 | 0.020 | 0.561 (0.607) | 1448 | 0.210 |
| Phobic anxiety | 0.221 (0.374) | 0.293 (0.360) | 2682.5 | 0.054 | 0.24 (0.397) | 2098 | 0.431 | 0.297 (0.463) | 1694 | 0.962 |
| Paranoid ideation* | 0.763 (0.531) | 0.998 (0.652) | 2562.0 | 0.024 | 0.763 (0.537) | 1955.5 | 0.021 | 0.75 (0.521) | 1464 | 0.023 |
| Psychoticism** | 0.324 (0.389) | 0.501 (0.464) | 2427.5 | 0.006 | 0.324 (0.396) | 1831.5 | 0.017 | 0.358 (0.457) | 1424.5 | 0.107 |
| GSI** | 0.589 (0.426) | 0.788 (0.474) | 2348 | 0.003 | 0.59 (0.453) | 1754.5 | 0.015 | 0.618 (0.53) | 1355.5 | 0.089 |
| PST** | 34.985 (17.863) | 42.071 (18.061) | 2455.5 | 0.009 | 34.02 (18.493) | 1789.5 | 0.013 | 34.816 (21.538) | 1402 | 0.071 |
| PSDI** | 1423 (0.373) | 1582 (0.371) | 2304.5 | 0.002 | 1.452 (0.399) | 1844 | 0.058 | 1.43 (0.362) | 1371 | 0.032 |
| DTS** | 28.742 (20.834) | 40.296 (27.096) | 2450.5 | 0.009 | 25.46 (20.519) | 1673.5 | 3.010×10−5 | 27.921 (21.907) | 1382 | 0.007 |
| Intrusiveness** | 7.106 (6.167) | 12.296 (8.213) | 2014 | 4.196×10−5 | 6.08 (5.341) | 1335 | 1.490×10−7 | 6.816 (5.531) | 1109 | 1.960×10−5 |
| Avoidance* | 9.455 (8.140) | 13.755 (11.586) | 2651 | 0.049 | 9.02 (8.26) | 1945 | 0.005 | 9.421 (8.937) | 1507.5 | 0.022 |
| Hypervigilance | 12.182 (9.799) | 14.245 (10.467) | 2921 | 0.293 | 10.36 (9.568) | 1962.5 | 0.026 | 11.684 (10.262) | 1633 | 0.198 |
In subclass analysis, only the survivors’ data were reported because the controls’ data are equal to the third column.
In the first column, the subscales of SCL-90-R and DTS are shown in italics.
Subclass analysis (education) used the subclass of survivors with high school diploma; subclass analysis (occupation) used the subclass of survivors who were students.
**p≤0.01; *p<0.05, in the total sample analysis.
DMI, Defence Mechanism Inventory; DTS, Davidson Trauma Scale; GSI, Global Severity Index; p, p-value; PRO, projection; PSDI, Positive Symptom Distress Index; PST, Positive Symptom Total; SCL-90-R, Symptom Checklist-90-Revised; TAO, turning against objects; TAS, turning against self; W, Wilcoxon test's W value .