Table 1

Articles that include cases report of DWS with comorbidity with psychiatry symptoms

Study	Patient’s sex and age (years)	Dandy-Walker subtype	Psychotic symptoms	Other psychiatric comorbidities	Age of onset of psychosis	Last antipsychotic medication used	Outcome
Kvitvik Aune et al3	Male, 22	Dandy-Walker variant	Auditory and visual hallucinations, persecutory delusions, blunted affect	Borderline intelligence (IQ=79)	12	Risperidone 2 mg/24 hours	Remission of positive symptoms, negative symptoms remained
Blaettner et al4	Male, 19	Dandy-Walker variant	Persecutory delusions, delusions of reference	OCD	17	Ziprasidone 120 mg/24 hours	Partial remission
Buonaguro et al5	Female, 29	DWS	Persecutory delusions, blunted affect, agitation episodes		20	Haloperidol 4 mg/24 hours	No response to treatment
Ferentinos et al6	Female, 21	Mega cisterna magna	Auditory hallucinations, persecutory delusions	Intellectual disability	18	Amisulpiride 1200 mg/24 hours	57% decrease in PANSS score (after treatment resistance with previous antipsychotics)
Gan et al7	Female, 15	Dandy-Walker malformation	Auditory hallucinations, delusions of persecution and control, abulia	Intellectual disability	11	Risperidone 4 mg/24 hours	39–76 decrease in the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms score, negative symptoms remained
Gan et al7	Male, 13	Dandy-Walker variant	Delusions of reference and persecution, blunted affect	Obsessive worries and school phobia	13	Quetiapine 400 mg/24 hours	50% reduction in BPRS (from 43 to 25) but recurrence because of discontinuation of the treatment
Gan et al7	Male, 45	Mega cisterna magna	Auditory hallucinations, delusions of persecution and jealousy	Borderline intelligence and memory impairment	32	Risperidone 7 mg/24 hours	34–56 decrease in BPRS, 4–6 decrease in the Clinical Global Impression of Severity scale core
Gan et al7	Male, 20	Posterior fossa arachnoid cyst	Delusions, stereotyped thinking	Borderline intelligence (IQ=69), hypomanic episode	20	Olanzapine 20 mg/24 hours	Full remission
Kumar et al8	Female, 37	Mega cisterna magna	Auditory and visual hallucinations, Catatonia.		31	Risperidone 4 mg/24 hours	Partial remission
Langarica nd Peralta9	Female, 52	Mega cisterna magna	Persecutory and reference delusions		52	Olanzapine 7.5 mg/24/hours	Significant clinical improvement
Mauritz et al10	Female, 47	Dandy-Walker malformation		PTSD	47	Quetiapine 600mg – 1000mg/24 hours	Full remission
Pandurangi et al11	Male, 26	Megacisterna magna	Delusions of grandiosity	Mania	26	Risperidone 4 mg/24 hours	Significant clinical improvement, delirious and urinary incontinence as secondary effects
Pandurangi et al11	Male, 20	Megacisterna magna	Catatonia		18	Risperidone 3 mg/24 hours	Discontinuation of treatment due to acute dystonia
Papazisis et al12	Male, 20	Dandy-Walker variant	Delusions	OCD	20		No response to treatment
Ryan et al13	Female, 14	Dandy-Walker variant	Auditory hallucinations, paranoid delusions		14	Risperidone 2.25 mg/24 hours	Full remission
Sidana et al14	Male, 20	Dandy-Walker variant	Auditory hallucinations, social withdrawal.		20	Aripiprazol 2.5 mg/24 hours	Significant clinical improvement, increase sensitivity to extrapyramidal side effects
Turner et al15	Female, 18	Dandy-Walker variant	Auditory hallucinations, paranoid delusions, conceptual disorganisation		18	No medication	Significant clinical improvement
Williams et al16	Female, 20	Dandy-Walker variant	Auditory hallucinations, delusions of reference and telepathy, bizarre behaviour	Depression and anxiety	20	Paliperidone palmitate 150 mg/28 days	Significant clinical improvement (after treatment resistance with previous antipsychotics)
Bozkurt Zincir et al17	Female, 30	Dandy-Walker variant	Auditory and visual hallucinations, delusions of reference, persecution and control	Borderline intelligence (IQ=75)	28	Risperidone 50 mg/14 days	35% decrease in PANSS score (from 144 to 90)

BPRS, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; DWS, Dandy-Walker syndrome; OCD, obsessive–compulsive disorder; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder.