Table 5

Exploratory factor analysis of HADS items with varimax rotation matrix (n=200)

HADS itemsF1F2
I feel tense or ‘wound up’. 0.686 0.274
I still enjoy the things I used to enjoy.0.058 0.652
I get a sort of frightened feeling as if something awful is about to happen.0.675 0.307
I can laugh and see the funny side of things.0.254 0.698
Worrying thoughts go through my mind. 0.713 0.178
I feel cheerful. 0.583 0.386
I can sit at ease and feel relaxed. 0.363 0.539
I feel as if I am slowed down.0.225 0.374
I get a sort of frightened feeling like 'butterflies' in the stomach.0.255 0.550
I have lost interest in my appearance.0.075 0.431
I feel restless as I have to be on the move. 0.796 0.004
I look forward with enjoyment to things.0.278 0.592
I get sudden feelings of panic. 0.639 0.451
I can enjoy a good book, radio or TV programme.0.150 0.110
% of variance: 42.75% 34.97% 7.78%
  • Bold indicates significant factor loading at level above 0.30.

  • HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.