Table 2

Comparison of scores at the 1-year follow-up between older adults with normal cognition (NC) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI)

	Older adults with NC				Older adults with MCI
	Intervention group (n=84)	Control group (n=84)	χ²/Z	P value	Intervention group (n=43)	Control group (n=43)	χ²/Z	P value
MoCA total	26.44 (2.351)	26.02 (3.574)	−0.312	0.755	24.07 (3.674)	21.40 (4.826)	2.449	0.014*
Visual space and execution	4.57 (0.749)	4.17 (1.149)	2.584	0.010*	3.93 (1.078)	3.09 (1.109)	0.562	0.574
Naming	2.65 (0.526)	2.60 (0.713)	−0.049	0.961	2.47 (0.702)	2.14 (0.743)	3.323	0.001**
Attention	5.76 (0.529)	5.65 (0.736)	0.799	0.424	5.40 (1.003)	4.79 (1.407)	2.242	0.025*
Language	2.31 (0.537)	2.45 (0.648)	−1.921	0.055	1.72 (0.826)	1.77 (0.996)	−0.400	0.689
Abstract	1.65 (0.570)	1.27 (0.700)	3.800	<0.001**	1.47 (0.735)	1.02 (0.801)	−0.518	0.604
Delayed memory	3.32 (1.291)	3.21 (1.498)	0.210	0.834	2.84 (1.703)	2.05 (1.731)	2.625	0.009**
Orientation	5.94 (0.238)	5.87 (0.533)	0.633	0.527	5.79 (0.559)	5.58 (1.029)	2.093	0.036*
GDS	4.50 (3.971)	3.65 (3.740)	1.771	0.077	5.74 (5.512)	5.23 (4.947)	0.670	0.503

MoCA total and subscale scores and GDS scores conformed to non-normal distribution using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
*p<0.05, **p<0.01.
GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; NC, normal cognition.