Characteristics of the included studies
| Study | Duration (weeks) | Patients, n (intervention/control) Male, n (intervention/control) | Age (years)* | AP | PGD dose | Change of serum prolactin level (ng/mL) | Hyperprolactinaemia-induced adverse effects at endpoint† |
| Gu et al, 201623 | 8 | 120 (60/60) 53 (28/25) | 30 | Olanzapine | Paeoniae Radix Alba (15 g) and Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (15 g) | PGD: −19.98±7.17 Control: −0.48±6.81 | NA |
| Man et al, 201624 | 16 | 99 (49/50) 0 | 30 | AP‡ | Paeoniae Radix Alba and Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma: 45.0 g/d§ | PGD: −5.90±70.46 Placebo: −19.90±57.59 | PGD: 68% Placebo: 54% |
| Xie et al, 201516 | 12 | 120 (80/40) 0 | 32 | Risperidone | A group: Paeoniae Radix Alba (30 g) and Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (30 g) B group: Paeoniae Radix Alba (30 g) and Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (15 g) | PGD (A group): −54.70±20.91 PGD (B group): −55.40±24.62 Control: 9.77±23.20 | NA |
| Yang et al, 201725 | 8 | 41 (21/20) 0 | 28 | Amisulpride | Paeoniae Radix Alba (60 mg) and Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (30 mg) | PGD: −22.62±4.92 Placebo: −0.98±5.35 | PGD¶: 79% Placebo: 0% |
| Yue, 201626 | 4 | 70 (35/35) 35 (17/18) | 32 | AP** | Paeoniae Radix Alba (15 g) and Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (10 g) | PGD: −14.97±8.09 Control: 4.33±10.00 | NA |
*Available data were extracted based on mean baseline value of each included trials.
†Percentage of improvement.
‡Including risperidone, paliperidone, sulpiride, amisulpride, lanzapine, ziprasidone, quetiapine, perphenazine, clozapine and chlorpromazine.
§Paeonia and Glycyrrhiza radices in a ratio of 1:1 in weight.
¶Including 2 (amenorrhoea), 4 (abnormal menstruation), 3 (galactorrhoea), 4 (reduced libido) and 2 (sexlessness).
**No detailed use of AP.
AP, antipsychotic ; NA, not available; PGD, Peony-Glycyrrhiza decoction.